科学软件网提供的软件覆盖各个学科,软件数量达1000余款,满足各高校和企事业单位的科研需求。此外,科学软件网还提供软件培训和研讨会服务,目前视频课程达68门,涵盖34款软件。
where 2 / j σ n is the variance of
_
Yj as an estimator of β0 j while 00 τ is the variance of the true means,
β0 j , around the grand mean 00 γ . The error variance 2 / j σ n is dependent on the sample size j n and
varies from level-2 unit to level-2 unit, while 00 τ is constant over level-2 units. Note that in the case of two
groups with the first group having a group size twice that of a second group, the reliability of the mean for
the first group would be twice that of the second group:
The information above implies that the level-1 model will have two coefficients for each student:
the intercept ( β0 j ) and the SES slope ( β1 j ). At level-2, the intercept and SES slope are modeled
as functions of sector and mean SES. Note that both the intercept and the slope are modeled as
having randomly varying residuals. The assumption is that the intercept and slope vary not only
as a function of the two predictors SECTOR and MEANSES, but also as a function of a unique
school effect.
Select the options for missing data in the level-1 file (there is no missing data in
HSB1.SAV).
Click the selection button for measures within persons for the type of nesting of
input data if the level-1 data consist of repeated measures or item responses. With
this selection, WHLM will use in its displays and output model notations that match
those used in Hierarchical Linear Models for studies on individual change and
latent variables. The default type is persons within groups. It is generally used
when the level-1 data are comprised of cross-sectional measures. With this option,
WHLM will use model notations that correspond to those used for applications in
organization research.
HLM新版本在建模多层次和纵向数据方面提供了**的灵活性。HLM功能的亮点包括三个新的进程,处理二进制、计数、序数和多项式(名义)的响应变量,以及连续响应变量的一般理论层次线性模型。
嵌套模型
嵌套模型的横截面数据,如学校教室内学生的项目反应模式。
纵向数据的模型,如在社区内人与人之间在时间点内的项目。
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